АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ЭФИРОВ МОНОХЛОРПРОПАНДИОЛОВ В РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАСЛАХ И ЖИРАХ

А.Б. Далабаев*; К.З. Жунусова; Н.Е.  Альжаксина; Н.Ж.  Муслимов

doi:10.37884/1-2022/09

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the content of glycidyl esters of fatty acids in terms of glycidol in samples of unrefined and refined vegetable oils, studied according to the methods described in [1, 2]. The range of concentrations of glycidyl esters in the studied samples of vegetable oils ranged from 0.1 to 9.8 mg/kg, whereas standard norms should not exceed 1 mg/kg for edible vegetable oils. Analysis of oil samples confirmed the complete or almost complete absence of glycidyl esters in non-deodorized oils. The largest amount of glycidyl esters was found in refined palm oil (9.8 mg/kg), which shows the importance of controlling the content of these toxic impurities in vegetable oils entering the market. Therefore, the production of vegetable oils requires the improvement of technology and the introduction of technological measures to prevent the formation of contaminants in edible oils. However, the presence of free fatty acids in the oils can lead to the formation of glycidyl esters. The physical quality indicators, physico-chemical parameters and fatty acid composition of the samples of raw unrefined and refined vegetable oils were determined step by step. The studied oils according to physico-chemical parameters comply with the safety requirements of TR CU 021/2011 and TR CU 024/2011. According to physico-chemical indicators, the oils have an acid number of 0.2-4.6 and a peroxide number of 0.8-9.8 within the normal range. The indicators of acid and peroxide numbers reflect the presence of free fatty acids in vegetable oils.

glycidyl esters, 3-monochlorpropandiol (3-MP), 2-monochlorpropandiol (2-MCP), refined vegetable oils, unrefined vegetable oils, deodorization, purification.

01 Introduction

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02 References

1. Risks for human health related to the presence of 3- and 2-monochloropropanediol (MCPD), and their fatty acid esters, and glycidyl fatty acid esters in food // EFSA J. - 2016. - Vol. 14. - N 5. - 4426 p.
2. Official Journal of the European Union: COMMIS- SION REGULATION (EU) 2018/290 of 26 February 2018 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards maximum levels of glycidyl fatty acid esters in vetable oils and fats, infant formula, follow-on formula and foods for special medical purposes intended for infants and young children. - 2018.
3. ГОСТ Р ИСО 18363-2-2019. Жиры и масла животные и растительные. Определение содержания сложных эфиров жирных кислот монохлорпропандиолов (МХПД) и глицидола с применением ГХ/МС.
4. МУК 4.1.3547-19. Определение содержания 3-монохлорпропандиола, 2-монохлорпропандиола и глицидола в пищевых растительных маслах и животных жирах.
5. Alexander J. Risks for human health related to the presence of 3 - and 2 monochloropropanediol (MCPD) and their fatty acid esters, and glycidyl fatty acid esters in food / J. Alexander [et al.] // EFSA Journal. - 2016. - Vol. 14, iss. 5: 4426. - P. 1-159.
6. Gibon V. Oil Modification: Solution of Problem for 3-MCPD / GE Mitigation // Euro Fed Lipid. - 2017. - P. 14-19.
7. Ozcagli E., Alpenunga V., Fenga S., Berktas M., Tsitsimpikou S., Wilks M.F. et a1. Effects of 3- monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MHPD) and its metabolites op DNA damage and repair under in vitro conditions / Food Chem Toxicol. - 2016. - 89 p.
8. Tiong S.H., Saparin N., Teh H.F., Ng T.L.M., Md Zain M.Z.B., Neoh B.K. et al. Natural Organochlorines as precursors of 3-monochloropropanediol esters in vegetable oils // J. Agric. Food Chem. - 2018. - Vol. 66. - N 4. - P. 999-1007.
9. Cheng W.W., Liu G.Q., Wang L.Q., Liu Z.S. Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Refined Edible Oils: A review on formation, occurrence, analysis, and elimination methods / Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F.- 2017.- 16(2). - P. 263-281.
10. Петрова И.А. Глицидиловые кислоты всех жирных кислот монохлорпропандиолы в пищевой продукции // Кондитерское и хлебопекарное производство. - 2019. - № 11-12 (184). - С. 18-20.
11. Никулина А.В. Применение ферментационно-алкалиметрического способа для идентификации сливочного и пальмового масла / А.В. Никулина, Т.И. Парыгина, Т.А. Кучменко // Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий. - 2018. - №80. - С. 240-244.

Citation Links

[1]2022. ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. Izdenister natigeler. 1 (93) (Mar. 2022), 69–77. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37884/1-2022/09.

(1)ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. Izdenister natigeler 2022, No. 1 (93), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.37884/1-2022/09.

ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. (2022). Izdenister Natigeler, 1 (93), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.37884/1-2022/09

ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. Izdenister natigeler, [S. l.], n. 1 (93), p. 69–77, 2022. DOI: 10.37884/1-2022/09. Disponível em: https://kazvetjournal.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/82. Acesso em: 15 sep. 2026.

“ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS”. 2022. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 1 (93) (March): 69-77. https://doi.org/10.37884/1-2022/09.

“ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS” (2022) Izdenister natigeler, (1 (93), pp. 69–77. doi:10.37884/1-2022/09.

[1]“ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS”, Izdenister natigeler, no. 1 (93), pp. 69–77, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.37884/1-2022/09.

“ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS”. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 1 (93), Mar. 2022, pp. 69-77, https://doi.org/10.37884/1-2022/09.

“ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS”. Izdenister natigeler, no. 1 (93) (March 30, 2022): 69–77. Accessed September 15, 2026. https://kazvetjournal.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/82.

1.ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. Izdenister natigeler [Internet]. 2022 Mar. 30 [cited 2026 Sep. 15];(1 (93):69-77. Available from: https://kazvetjournal.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/82

1.ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF MONOCHLOROPROPANEDIOL ESTERS IN VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS. Izdenister natigeler. 2022;(1 (93):69-77. doi:10.37884/1-2022/09

[1] 1. Risks for human health related to the presence of 3- and 2-monochloropropanediol (MCPD), and their fatty acid esters, and glycidyl fatty acid esters in food // EFSA J. - 2016. - Vol. 14. - N 5. - 4426 p.

[2] 2. Official Journal of the European Union: COMMIS- SION REGULATION (EU) 2018/290 of 26 February 2018 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards maximum levels of glycidyl fatty acid esters in vetable oils and fats, infant formula, follow-on formula and foods for special medical purposes intended for infants and young children. - 2018.

[3] 3. ГОСТ Р ИСО 18363-2-2019. Жиры и масла животные и растительные. Определение содержания сложных эфиров жирных кислот монохлорпропандиолов (МХПД) и глицидола с применением ГХ/МС.

[4] 4. МУК 4.1.3547-19. Определение содержания 3-монохлорпропандиола, 2-монохлорпропандиола и глицидола в пищевых растительных маслах и животных жирах.

[5] 5. Alexander J. Risks for human health related to the presence of 3 - and 2 monochloropropanediol (MCPD) and their fatty acid esters, and glycidyl fatty acid esters in food / J. Alexander [et al.] // EFSA Journal. - 2016. - Vol. 14, iss. 5: 4426. - P. 1-159.

[6] 6. Gibon V. Oil Modification: Solution of Problem for 3-MCPD / GE Mitigation // Euro Fed Lipid. - 2017. - P. 14-19.

[7] 7. Ozcagli E., Alpenunga V., Fenga S., Berktas M., Tsitsimpikou S., Wilks M.F. et a1. Effects of 3- monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MHPD) and its metabolites op DNA damage and repair under in vitro conditions / Food Chem Toxicol. - 2016. - 89 p.

[8] 8. Tiong S.H., Saparin N., Teh H.F., Ng T.L.M., Md Zain M.Z.B., Neoh B.K. et al. Natural Organochlorines as precursors of 3-monochloropropanediol esters in vegetable oils // J. Agric. Food Chem. - 2018. - Vol. 66. - N 4. - P. 999-1007.

[9] 9. Cheng W.W., Liu G.Q., Wang L.Q., Liu Z.S. Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Refined Edible Oils: A review on formation, occurrence, analysis, and elimination methods / Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F.- 2017.- 16(2). - P. 263-281.

[10] 10. Петрова И.А. Глицидиловые кислоты всех жирных кислот монохлорпропандиолы в пищевой продукции // Кондитерское и хлебопекарное производство. - 2019. - № 11-12 (184). - С. 18-20.

[11] 11. Никулина А.В. Применение ферментационно-алкалиметрического способа для идентификации сливочного и пальмового масла / А.В. Никулина, Т.И. Парыгина, Т.А. Кучменко // Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий. - 2018. - №80. - С. 240-244.