PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL OF DOMESTIC APPLE VARIETIES OF KAZAKHSTAN BREEDING UNDER CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION

The article presents the general results of studies of 15 varieties of apple trees of Kazakhstan selection, which was carried out on the basis of «KazNIIPO» LLP of Talgar district in the Regional branch of Talgar. The purpose of the work is to identify the most valuable traits for further use in breeding based on the study of the biological potential of productivity of apple varieties. The objects of research are varieties of Kazakh breeding created at the Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing. To achieve the required level of fruit production, scientists, together with producers, need to solve a number of problems, among which the most important is the optimization of the assortment of fruit and berry crops by creating new competitive varieties that meet all modern requirements for intensive gardening. This experience includes both new varieties of apple trees included in the State Register, and new promising varieties of Kazakhstani selection. When studying, most of the new promising varieties have complex resistance to powdery mildew and scab. The varieties Anel, Egemen, Aizhan, Makpal, Maksat, Aizere, Nursat, Gift Nurtazina, Koktobe were distinguished by yield, the yield of these varieties is 190-260 c/ha. This article presents data from the study of the size of the fruit, taste, attractiveness and economically valuable features of the fruit. As a result of research, Anel, Aizhan, Asyl-Ayim, Nazgum, Damira, Egemen, Gift Nurtazina, Nursat, Maksat varieties resistant and immune to powdery mildew and scab were isolated from 15 apple varieties. Apple varieties Aizere, Anel, Aizhan, Danalyk, Dauren, Kamila, Egemen Maksat, Nursat, Gift Nurtazina, Koktobe, Nazgum are allocated to indicators of fertility, productivity, commodity and consumer quality of fruits. It is recommended to involve these varieties in selection processes as the basis of valuable traits.